Telco Signal Propagation Models

Extension Package provided by CARTO

This extension provides tools for telecommunications analysis, including path profile determination, signal propagation modelling, and obstacle identification.

It can utilize raster data for terrain and clutter profiles, enabling accurate assessment of transmitter-receiver paths and signal characteristics in various environments.

The components in this extension package leverage the functionality provided by the Telco module in the CARTO Analytics Toolbox for BigQuery. Check the module's SQL reference for more detailed information about the analysis.

Path Profile

Description

This component identifies the Path Profile between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx), including any obstacles along the propagation path. It utilizes tables containing information about buildings, vegetation, water (for clutter data), and the terrain elevation profile.

Inputs

1. Tx locations: A table that contains points with the location of the transmitters.

2. Rx locations: A table that contains points with the location of the receivers.

3. Terrain profile: A table that contains geographies with the terrain profile.

Settings

• Buildings table FQN: (Optional) The fully qualified name of the table that contains buildings to be considered the propagation path calculation.

• Vegetation table FQN: (Optional) The fully qualified name of the table that contains vegeatation to be considered the propagation path calculation.

• Water table FQN: (Optional) The fully qualified name of the table that contains water bodies to be considered the propagation path calculation.

• Frequency: The value of the operating frequency in GHz.

• Intersect Fresnel zone: A flag whether to consider the line or the Fresnel zone for the calculation.

• Terrain point sampling: A flag whether to calculate terrain points along the path.

• Resolution of sampling for the terrain points: Resolution of sampling for the terrain points to be considered in the path profile.

• Street Width calculation: A flag to Include street width in the path profile calculation.

Outputs

1. Output table: A table containing the path profiles.

2. Output table details: A table with the details of the obstacles of the path profiles.

Path Profile Raster

Description

This component determines the Path Profile between the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx), identifying obstacles along the propagation path by using raster tables for clutter and terrain profiles.

Inputs

1. Tx locations: A table that contains points with the location of the transmitters.

2. Rx locations: A table that contains points with the location of the receivers.

3. Clutter: A raster table that contains data about the clutter.

4. Terrain profile: A raster table with terrain profile data.

Settings

• Frequency: The value of the operating frequency in GHz.

• Intersect Fresnel zone: A flag whether to consider the line or the Fresnel zone for the calculation.

• Adjust the Rx height: A flag whether to adjust the rx height based on the clutter.

• Intersect center: A flag whether to extract the pixel values from the Clutter raster by intersecting the pixel center or instead the pixel boundary.

• Clutter raster band for height: (Optional) The band to be extracted from the raster as the height of the clutter.

• Clutter raster band for type: (Optional) The band to be extracted from the raster as the type of the clutter. If empty then the type constant is used.

• Terrain profile raster band for height: (Optional) The band to be extracted from the raster as the height of the terrain.

Outputs

1. Output table: A table containing the path profiles.

2. Output table details: A table with the details of the obstacles of the path profiles.

Close In

Description

This component implements the Close In empirical propagation model.

Inputs

• Path profiles: This input should be a table that contains path profiles obtained with either Path Profile or Path Profile Raster components.

Settings

• Frequency: The operating frequency in GHz.

• Scenario: The environment scenario.

• Number of data points: The number of data points used to compute $X sigma$.

• Path Loss Exponent for LOS: The $PathlossExponent$ for the LOS case.

• Path Loss Exponent for NLOS: The $PathlossExponent$ for the NLOS case.

• Sigma LOS: The standard deviation of the zero-mean Gaussian random variable for the LOS case.

• Sigma NLOS: The standard deviation of the zero-mean Gaussian random variable for the LOS case.

Outputs

• Output table: A table with the same schema as the input table plus a column that contains the result of the analysis.

Extended HATA

Description

This component implements the Extended HATA empirical propagation model.

Inputs

1. Tx Locations: A table that contains points with the location of the transmitters.

2. Rx Locations: A table that contains points with the location of the receivers.

3. Path profiles: This input should be a table that contains path profiles obtained with either Path Profile or Path Profile Raster components.

Settings

• Frequency: The operating frequency in GHz.

• Scenario: The environment scenario

Outputs

• Output table: A table with the path losses (dB).