This module contains functions that compute geometric constructions, or alter geometry size or shape.
ST_BUFFER
carto.ST_BUFFER(geog, distance [, segments])
Description
Calculates a buffer for the input features for a given distance.
geog: GEOGRAPHY input to be buffered.distance: DOUBLE distance of the buffer around the input geography. The value is in meters. Negative values are allowed.segments (optional): INTEGER number of segments used to approximate a quarter circle. The default value is 8.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Example
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SELECT carto.ST_BUFFER(ST_POINT(-74.00, 40.7128), 1000);
-- { "coordinates": [ [ [ -73.98813543746913, 40.712799392649444 ], ...
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SELECT carto.ST_BUFFER(ST_POINT(-74.00, 40.7128), 1000, 10);
-- { "coordinates": [ [ [ -73.98813543746913, 40.712799392649444 ], ...
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ST_CENTERMEAN
carto.ST_CENTERMEAN(geog)
Description
Takes a Feature or FeatureCollection and returns the mean center.
geog: GEOGRAPHY feature to be centered.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Example
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SELECT carto.ST_CENTERMEAN(TO_GEOGRAPHY('POLYGON ((30 10, 40 40, 20 40, 10 20, 30 10))'));
-- { "coordinates": [ 26, 24 ], "type": "Point" }
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carto.ST_CENTERMEDIAN(geog)
Description
Takes a FeatureCollection of points and calculates the median center, algorithimically. The median center is understood as the point that requires the least total travel from all other points.
geog: GEOGRAPHY feature to be centered.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Example
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SELECT carto.ST_CENTERMEDIAN(TO_GEOGRAPHY('POLYGON ((30 10, 40 40, 20 40, 10 20, 30 10))'));
-- { "coordinates": [ 25, 27.5 ], "type": "Point" }
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ST_CENTEROFMASS
carto.ST_CENTEROFMASS(geog)
Description
Takes any Feature or a FeatureCollection and returns its center of mass using this formula: Centroid of Polygon.
geog: GEOGRAPHY feature to be centered.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Example
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SELECT carto.ST_CENTEROFMASS(TO_GEOGRAPHY('POLYGON ((30 10, 40 40, 20 40, 10 20, 30 10))'));
-- { "coordinates": [ 25.454545454545453, 26.96969696969697 ], "type": "Point" }
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ST_CONCAVEHULL
carto.ST_CONCAVEHULL(geojsons [, maxEdge] [, units])
Description
Takes a set of points and returns a concave hull Polygon or MultiPolygon. In case of a single or a couple of points are passed as input, the function will return that point or a segment respectively.
geojsons: ARRAY array of features in GeoJSON format casted to STRING.maxEdge (optional): DOUBLE the length (in ‘units’) of an edge necessary for part of the hull to become concave. By default maxEdge is infinity.units (optional): STRING units of length, the supported options are: miles, kilometers, degrees or radians. By default units is kilometers.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Examples
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SELECT carto.ST_CONCAVEHULL(ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.833, 39.284))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.6, 39.984))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.221, 39.125))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.521, 39.325))::STRING));
-- { "coordinates": [ [ [ -75.221, 39.125 ], [ -75.833, 39.284 ], [ -75.6, 39.984 ], [ -75.221, 39.125 ] ] ], "type": "Polygon" }
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SELECT carto.ST_CONCAVEHULL(ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.833, 39.284))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.6, 39.984))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.221, 39.125))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.521, 39.325))::STRING), 100);
-- { "coordinates": [ [ [ -75.833, 39.284 ], [ -75.6, 39.984 ], ...
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SELECT carto.ST_CONCAVEHULL(ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.833, 39.284))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.6, 39.984))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.221, 39.125))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.521, 39.325))::STRING), 100, 'kilometers');
-- { "coordinates": [ [ [ -75.833, 39.284 ], [ -75.6, 39.984 ], ...
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SELECT carto.ST_CONCAVEHULL(ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.833, 39.284))::STRING, ST_ASGEOJSON(ST_POINT(-75.6, 39.984))::STRING));
-- { "coordinates": [ -75.833, 39.284 ], "type": "Point" }
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ST_DESTINATION
carto.ST_DESTINATION(startPoint, distance, bearing [, units])
Description
Takes a Point and calculates the location of a destination point given a distance in degrees, radians, miles, or kilometers; and bearing in degrees. This uses the Haversine formula to account for global curvature.
origin: GEOGRAPHY starting point.distance: DOUBLE distance from the origin point.bearing: DOUBLE ranging from -180 to 180.units (optional): STRING units of length, the supported options are: miles, kilometers, degrees or radians. By default units is kilometers.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Examples
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SELECT carto.ST_DESTINATION(ST_POINT(-3.70325,40.4167), 10, 45);
-- { "coordinates": [ -3.6196461743569053, 40.48026145975517 ], "type": "Point" }
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SELECT carto.ST_DESTINATION(ST_POINT(-3.70325,40.4167), 10, 45, 'miles');
-- { "coordinates": [ -3.56862505487045, 40.518962677753585 ], "type": "Point" }
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ST_GREATCIRCLE
carto.ST_GREATCIRCLE(startPoint, endPoint [, npoints])
Description
Calculate great circles routes as LineString or MultiLineString. If the start and end points span the antimeridian, the resulting feature will be split into a MultiLineString.
startPoint: GEOGRAPHY source point feature.endPoint: GEOGRAPHY destination point feature.npoints (optional): INT number of points. By default npoints is 100.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Examples
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SELECT carto.ST_GREATCIRCLE(ST_POINT(-3.70325,40.4167), ST_POINT(-73.9385,40.6643));
-- { "coordinates": [ [ -3.7032499999999993, 40.4167 ], ...
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SELECT carto.ST_GREATCIRCLE(ST_POINT(-3.70325,40.4167), ST_POINT(-73.9385,40.6643), 20);
-- { "coordinates": [ [ -3.7032499999999993, 40.4167 ], ...
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ST_LINE_INTERPOLATE_POINT
carto.ST_LINE_INTERPOLATE_POINT(geog, distance [, units])
Description
Takes a LineString and returns a Point at a specified distance along the line.
geog: GEOGRAPHY input line.distance: DOUBLE distance along the line.units (optional): STRING units of length, the supported options are: miles, kilometers, degrees and radians. By default units is kilometers.
Return type
GEOGRAPHY
Examples
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SELECT carto.ST_LINE_INTERPOLATE_POINT(TO_GEOGRAPHY('LINESTRING (-76.091308 18.427501,-76.695556 18.729501,-76.552734 19.40443,-74.61914 19.134789,-73.652343 20.07657,-73.157958 20.210656)'), 250);
-- { "coordinates": [ -75.5956489839589, 19.273615818183988 ], "type": "Point" }
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SELECT carto.ST_LINE_INTERPOLATE_POINT(TO_GEOGRAPHY('LINESTRING (-76.091308 18.427501,-76.695556 18.729501,-76.552734 19.40443,-74.61914 19.134789,-73.652343 20.07657,-73.157958 20.210656)'), 250, 'miles');
-- { "coordinates": [ -74.297592068938, 19.449810710315635 ], "type": "Point" }
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